1916+to+present+Globalization

20th Century Nationalism

The West

Russia and China

Leader Analysis Sheet
 * Name of Leader: Nassar ||
 * Lifespan 1918-1970 || Title: ||
 * Country/region: Egypt || Years in Power ||
 * Political, Social, & Economic Conditions Prior to Leaders Gaining Power
 * No social or economic progress
 * Military regime was in control
 * Conditions worsened ||
 * Ideology, Motivation, Goals:
 * Wanted to reform Egypt
 * Wanted to enacted land reforms and used state resources to reduce unemployment ||
 * Significant Actions & events During Term of Power
 * Free Officers movement: military nationalist movement, often allied with the Muslim Brotherhood; led coup to seize Egyptian government from khedive in July 1952
 * exiled Britain from the Suez Canal
 * Muslim Brotherhood ||
 * Short-Term effects: || Long-Term Effects ||

Leader Analysis Sheet
 * Name of Leader: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ||
 * Lifespan: 1900-1989 || Title: Religious ruler ||
 * Country/region: Iran || Years in Power ||
 * Political, Social, & Economic Conditions Prior to Leaders Gaining Power
 * Anticolonial resistance movements
 * Heavy emphasis on religious purification
 * Religious revivalism
 * Lack of solid government control ||
 * Ideology, Motivation, Goals:
 * Wanted to expel the Pahlavi shah of Iran
 * Emphasized religious purification
 * Tried to eliminate Western influences and establish a purely Islamic government ||
 * Significant Actions & events During Term of Power
 * Khomeini Revolution of 1979
 * Veiling became obligatory for women
 * Opportunities for educated women were limited
 * Limbs for theft and stoning for women who committed adultery ||
 * Short-Term effects:
 * Western influences || Long-Term Effects
 * Distanced itself from the atheistic communist world
 * Decade long absorption in the war and its continuing isolation made it possible o assess the potential of the religious revivalist ||

4-13-11  In depth – pg. 684 **Notes & questions ** · Rural discontent was crucial · Peasant revolutions were encouraged by presures of population growth, resentment againt big landowners, and increased taxes · Rise of revolutionary movements caused by spread of Industrial Revolution and Western Centered, global market system. · World wars proved even more fruitful to revolutions · Soldiers and neglected veterans refused to defend · Increase in **Global interconnectedness** · Economic competition and military rivalries of the industrial powers led to unwanted wars and manpower drawn from their colonies · Underlying intellectual climate, belief in perfectibility of human society, influenced by communist theorists · Looked to overthrow existing regimes that they thought were oppressive · Wanted to build redically new soiceties that would bring justice to previous social groups like presants and working class · Visions of goodlife = powerful driving force for revolutions from Mexico to China · Capitalist societies developed social welfare programs to limit social discontent · The need to come to dispute Western influence – wanted to reduce, seek alternative models Questions · Some internal factors that wekened the government was social unrest among the middle class and pesantry, as well as resentment with landowers, angry about living conditions, and discontent with lack of jobs because of the industrial revolution. External factors include Western influence and the Industrial Revolution. The key social group behind these revolutions were the peasants. They were encouraged by presures of population growth and increased taxes. They were the ones feeling the most effect of the Western influence and Industrial revolution. The three revolutions were all caused by the middle class and peasants and they were mad about the lack of jobs, however in China and Mexico they wanted better living conditions and were characeritic of the early stages of industrialization.